I had recent games where this actually happened, one with Kennen and one with Viktor, both in the top lane.
In the game as Kennen, I won my lane really hard against the enemy Udyr, but the other lanes were losing hard. What I ended up doing was roaming to the mid lane to help out my team pick up kills and such. I basically single-handedly turned the game around by roaming, helping out my team, and using Kennen's teamfight power to decimate teamfights. I remember one midgame teamfight where I ended up setting my team up for an ace, and I was the only one to die in the process, despite being down at least 5-7 kills.
In my game on Viktor, the difference was less dramatic: I had a CS lead, but did not get any kills despite the lead, and I eventually died to a four man gank top. How I was able to win the game (in actuality, force the enemy team to surrender) was, again, I started roaming to help my team pick up kills all over the map, and eventually my team had gone from a kill deficit to a large kill advantage in the span of 5-10 minutes.
The key thing to take out of this is that you need to help your team as soon as possible. Roaming to secure objectives or kills is probably the most important thing you can do with a lane advantage. Notice that in both of the games I mentioned, I was playing in the top lane, which is the lane that can help out the other lanes the least, yet I was still able to take my lane advantage and push it through the rest of the game, and help secure my team a win despite top being the one lane least likely to impact the rest of the map.