Voidborn would likely perish during the ritual as I believe it involves light directly from the sun - which is proven that even the normal day to day sunlight can be too much for voidborn.
The closest thing the void has to an ascended is I think the Iceborn - as they are humans bequeathed with True Ice and immortality from The Watchers, or possibly just Lissandra is a special case and the other Iceborn are just natural. This seems to be the Watchers version of ascension just like how the Targonians gave the power of ascension to the ancient Shurimans to fight the void but even then I don't think an Iceborn is as powerful as an Ascended.
Power tiers in my opinion go:
Aurelion Sol/Bard/Kindred - Big cosmic entity made a bunch of stars/Cosmis caretaker/Literal Incarnation of Death
Targonian/Watcher - Celestial Being of the Heavens/ Inhabitant of the Abyss
Targonian Aspect - I think they're stated to be more powerful than the Ascended or maybe that's just particular cases like Pantheon/Zoe
Shuriman Ascended/Darkin - not sure which of these to put above the other but I'm tempted to put Darkin higher
Iceborn/Potent human mage/High ranking voidborn - Likes of Lissandra/Syndra/Ryze/Brand/Karthus/Vel'Koz/Swain
Low tier voidborn/Average mage/Creature - Kog'Maw/Annie/Vastaya etc.
Human
There's a lot missed out here I know but this is just a general guess