Here is my interpretation, which is close to yours in some ways.
The spirit realm is a magical reflection of the physical realm, everything that exists in the physical realm is reflected in some way in the spirit realm. This was backed up by Riot quite a few times:
Going back to Tahm Kench, we had been working with the notion that part of Runeterra’s magic related to the spirit world seen in Shen’s lore. This was a mirror world where the spirit of every living thing and every of type of thing exists. The souls of every person, the spirit of animals, the essences of species and of locations, elements, and even ideas exist in that dimension as powerful forces, which interact and create a type of magic in Runeterra. Furthermore, we knew the spirits from this place were not truly restricted in form. Tahm Kench and Kindred are not of our world—their appearances in the material realm are illusionary. They are creatures of pure magic who manifest under specific rules, but do not have a true shape or physical body like we do.
Vastayans are tied to natural magic-- not just spirit animals. The spirit of places, plants, stones and ideas.
There were other times but I think thats enough for the purpose of this discussion.
As mentioned above, whiel some spirits are represetations of more physical things, such as elements, places(which I believe is whatr Maokai represents, the Blessed Isles) other spirits gets attained to ideas, perceptions and feelings, thats very important to differ spirits.
Janna came to be from sailors' praises for good winds during their sea travels. Feelings are a main thing to most "psych" spirits, so I will note here that the sailors' hope for good travels was the main thing that made Janna appear, the praises were just a bigger "manifestation" of their hope, using Ornn(and yes, Ornn, Volibear and Anivia are spirits as well, I tend to call them spirit-gods since Waaaaaaaaaarghbobo used that word) while he is empowered by belief you can "indirectly" empower him though being proud of your workk(important to note again, while Janna was limited to sailors' hope in nature, Ornn is limited to Freljordian forgers, so lets say, if someone is proud of his work in Shurima, he will not affect Ornn) that probally applies to Janna as well, meaning that every sailor who hoped that the seas and winds would be "peaceful" during their travel, hoped that nature would allow a good route across the sea, likely emporewed Janna in some way.
BUT while Freljordians will inevitably do great forging works or "help" Freljordian civilization in some way, even if not directly praising Ornn, when humanity started building a safe sea passage, sailors didnt need to expect nature to help them anymore, they began to rely only on themselves, that means Janna "scope" is more limited than "bigger" spirits like Ornn.
The Progess Day changed Janna which bring us to another point about the spirit realm, as mentioned sometimes before, the spirit realm and spirits are shaped and changed by personal bias and belief, all the praises given to Janna at that moment and change of culture that happened in Zaun changed Janna because of how belief and culture shape spirits, so her "scope" was changed from sailors to Zaun due to how culture affects her.
Demons like Evellyn are also reflections of human psyche, Eve herself was born from all the human suffering during the Rune Wars, however her lore says she was something else before, it specficallys mentions "wisp of darkness", using Ornn again(most of the info we got about spirits was focused on spirit-gods and most of the info we got on spirit-gods was focused on Ornn, thats why I'm using him as an example so much) since in Freljord they associate nature with ice and storms(Volibear and Anivia represents nature on their own way) fire, which can be erased by both, represents civilization to them, a flame inside of a house is what will keep you alive of the cold and storms coming from nature, thats why Ornn is linked to fire. My theory is that the same happened with Evellyn, during the Rune Wars, shadow magic was created, I believe that since a lot of people linked how they saw the mages's magic(shadow magic is much bigger than just shadows, even though thats how most mortals in Runeterra would see it, but I will talk about that when I reach to Nocturne) to pain and suffering, therefore some minor shadow spirits like Evellyn became linked to suffering and pain, the same probally happened to other demons, even though some demons were likely formed solely from negative feelings, like Janna with hope. There seems to be some different rules for demons in some cases, but I'm not sure how that really works right now, so I will not touch on that.
Meanwhile there is Nocturne, he cant left the spirit realm without possessing someone, but he still needs to feed, I think thats because of how he was born - he is a direct product of shadow magic, that may seems to be Evellyn's cases, but as I said sahdow magic is more than just shadows, it is effectively a way of forcing your will over the spirit realm, so Nocturne was created by magic meant to manipulate especcifically the spirit realm, I think that he being trapped in the spirit realm, only being able to interact with the mortal realm though dreams(dreams seems to have a "thinner barrier" with other realms than the physical realm) is because he is being of spiritual corruption, he is a part of the spirit realm that was corrupted, I think I didnt word it right, but I hope you're able to understand what I mean here(that applies to the entire post btw, my english sucks).
And then there are nature spirits not spirits like Volibear that represents mortal feelings towards nature, but spirits that represents nature itself. As I said before, I think Maokai represents the Blessed Isles as a whole(like the Spirit of Ionia, even though while Maokai took a physical form the Spirit of Ionia seems to stay in the spirit realm, influencing the physical one in "minor ways") this means that while he can still be affected by the local culture, he is bonded to the land itself, he didnt came to be because of mortals, he is the embodiment of the land itself, mortals knowing it or not, so those spirits will always exists, even though they can still be affected by mortal psyche.
About Kindred, we got confirmation they are spirit gods, they represent how the people of Valoran feel about death, but this is a larger scope than pratically every other known spirit-god, which puts them as the top 1 spirit-god of our knowledge.
As I said before, my english sucks, so I dont think I explained everything well and this comment is just my interpretation so a bunch of it could be wrong, but I hope I helped to clarify it for you. If you still have questions I will try to answer.
Edit: I didn't mention Yordles because I have no idea what they are either. We know they live on the spirit realm and can be "shaped by culture" they resonate with(see Kled with Noxus, Poppy with Demacia and Heimerdinger with Piltover), even having illusions influenced by who sees them, those things are very spiritual BUT we were once told that they have a true form/shape for their bodies, this is less spiritual than even Vastaya(no source this time because I'm writing on phone sorry, I think it was Odin who said that, it might eve have been on a post I mentioned above), but then we got another source(Scathlocke on Twitter I believe) saying that Yordles could just grow fingers on their bodies. There was a theory saying that they are physical beings who went to the spirit realm in ancient times(Lissandra's time or before, as you mentioned) but I honestly don't know, we will have to wait for a Bandle City update, sorry.