I go into ranked with a good attitude and almost never get "tilted". I don't flame my team and I'm stuck in bronze. Mainly because I played ranked to fast and didn't play more normal's to understand the game as well as I do know. 
As others have said, try to stick to a smaller pool of champions and roles. From the looks of your OP.GG, you seem to do best with:
Marksman: Ashe/Xayah Mid: Annie/Veigar Support: Bard
That's at least 5 champions to be able to maximize your potential on, and should prevent you from being pick/banned out. Nearly all of them are incredibly viable in solo-queue as well.
-Ashe brings the initiate and is a hyper-carry team-fighter later on. She provides very valuable vision for her team as well as a safe poke.
-Xayah is a very safe ADC with her Ultimate being able to survive things that most ADC's should not, and her feathers are a pseudo-Kalista rend with a root.
-Annie is always an amazing initiator, and is a staple for newer players to get the hang of things. She's easy to farm with, kill with, and is moderately safe.
-Veigar brings the pain as well as control with an AoE stun. Being infinite scaling means he's in a similar boat to Nasus: you'll never get outscaled by items end-game.
-Bard is a play-making support that does ridiculous amounts of damage in short bursts. His Ultimate is game-changing, being able to stop Dragons, Barons, Towers, anything you can think of. He also brings incredible safety with his E being able to teleport his team through walls and bait others. Being able to heal and scale infinitely (to a degree) is just icing on the cake for him.
You buy Control (Pink) Wards, this is great! Keep doing this, I can assure you that there are at least 50% of players stuck in Bronze that don't buy a single one - EVER. This is a huge plus for vision as well as denying the enemy team vision. You can also bait with it, and be able to sneak objectives with one around as well. You also mostly upgrade your free Trinket at level 9, keep doing this on champions that have an advantage on this! As an ADC, your positioning is your life, and stepping one inch too close to that bush with a Pantheon begging for you to face-check it is often certain death. The Farsight Alteration will allow you to face-check from relative safety, as well as lasting an infinite duration (if nobody kills it). For a Support, you'll often want to grab a Sweeper's once you've gotten a Sightstone, as this allows you to deny the enemy vision and doubles as a stealth and trap spotter for your team. If the enemy only has 1 Ward down to your 4, they're much more blind than you are, leaving you far more access to their jungle - and more importantly, their base.
Your CS is okay for your level, I'd always encourage stepping it up if you're able to, as Gold will allow you to hit powerspikes sooner and be able to carry games harder and faster. Aim for 8-10 CS/minute if you're in a lane with dedicated farm, less is totally fine if you're roaming around and making use of your time, but if you stray too far away and get greedy for kills you'll find yourself in a tough spot going back to base with little to buy. Remember that 15 CS is about the equivalent of a kill, so if your laner is 45 CS up and 2 kills down, they're effectively 1 kill ahead of you in Gold.
Try to steer clear of "feast of famine" champions. Gangplank is super fun once he gets going, but he requires a VERY large investment of time and Gold to even be remotely useful. His Ultimate is great, but very few people will let you get to the point where you're at 6 items and taking 90% of their HP with a single barrel. In a similar trope, try to stay away from "I need a team" champions. Someone like Galio requires immense team backup or he's self-suiciding with his Ultimate. I main Rek'Sai, however I wouldn't dare bring her into a game where I feel there is going to be a lack of synergy or follow up. Sometimes you'll have to feel it out - if your Riven top lane locks in Ignite/Exhaust as Summoner's Spells, she's probably not going to be any use to the team and will be looking to pad her KDA and boost their ego. Champions that are heavily reliant on outplaying their opponent don't tend to do very well, simple champions like Tryndamere or Jax who can split-push forever are far easier and provide much more utility in the lower brackets.
Your builds look fine and are tailored around staying alive - this is awesome keep doing this! Most players at your MMR will go "FULL DAMAGE 1000+ AP ONE-SHOT NIGHTBLUE3 CLICKBAIT" and try to do what a Challenger-level player does - and inevitably end up falling short of their goals. Building even one defensive item will save them from TONS of damage as well as be able to be useful for more than that 1 magical 1v9 outplay.
Hope this helps, best of luck to you! It's definitely difficult to climb, but remember that you can't guarantee the enemy team will have even 1 good/smart player, whereas if you, yourself pick up that role, you're guaranteed that 20% chance that they won't have. You'll definitely climb as your macro and micro-management skills improve, make sure not to flame your team and try to play around winning lanes - even if you're the only one winning. Watch your replays to learn what you could do better in every situation. You'll often find things that you never saw in game since we're all usually laser-focused on our champion and can't see the big picture of what's going on.
figure out what ur bad at then practice it a lot
like im bad at csing so i practice last hitting a lot
I suggest picking 2 positions to become great at instead of playing all lanes moderately well. Stick to easy carry champs and practice no more than 3 champions for those two roles you're 'maining'. I used Annie to get through Silver and most of Gold as an example. Oh and I know it can be boring but rewatching lost games and seeing what you could have done better is a great learning mechanic.
Yes...
Good attitude doesn't = mechanics
Find a friend to duo with. It usually helps early on if the reason you're losing is because of trolls and afk-ers.
If it's your skill, then you'll get into higher and higher ranks but your elo will be lower than the rank and when you stop duo-ing, you're going to be outmatched in games and you'll eventually drop down in ranks to your corresponding skill level.
I went from bronze 5 to silver 1 and am currently silver 3 as of right now. Two things that have helped me: Lolskill or op.gg yourself and find champions with a high winrate and do not play champions with a low win rate. Play with a duo you can trust if you're a support or adc main. If you main top take tele and get towers from other lanes when you win lane. For example, I main tryndamere jungle and raka/sona support.
Play 
with a flat lethality rune page. no but really, duo with a friend whether you lane together or not, you can trust each other a lot more than the randoms. You should have probably gotten more experience in before going into ranked, also, I'd recommend you really think about which role youre comfortable with. If you're not very experienced, you should probably stay away from jungling considering it does take a bit of knowing your way around to get solid ganks in. Mid lane can go wrong very fast with the burst ap champs, I wouldnt bot lane without a duo considering the random is more than likely to refuse communicating or coping with your playstyle. Top lane is a lot more slow paced so I'd recommend you get comfortable there. Bronze will take a while to climb out of, I'm getting several win streaks from b5 to b2 lol, I'm getting there! glhf
How did this turn into a question about if I'm trash at this game or not, into a argument about mechanics between two people lol
As a fellow Bronzie I'll offer you tips to make climbing easier. Take these as you may because I still am a wood V noob.
Step 1. Stop playing ranked.
Yeah I know this seems detrimental but stop playing ranked right now before you dig yourself deeper into ELO hell.
Step 2. Become a one trick.
Stop playing any champion you currently are playing. I don't care if they're fun or not but if they can't carry then don't play them. Find a champion that's rarely banned, fits your play style, and has great carry potential. Now go into normals and spam that champion like there's no tomorrow. Master them, learn their animations, learn the match ups and learn how to play them in at least two lanes. It doesn't matter if it seems like a troll pick, it's Bronze anything works, just play that guy everywhere. Don't start playing ranked again until you're at least at a 70% win rate with that champion.
Step 3. Grind
Now grind your ass off. Just play that one champion in any lane. Just grind and remember it's Bronze so never surrender.
This guide is based off personal experience. I dropped Nasus, Shen and Teemo, picked up Veigar. Grinded him, and now in a single day I managed to go from Bronze V 0lp to Bronze VI with high Mmr.
if there's a will there's a way
I've climbed out of bronze, FOUR seasons in a row using the same strategy. In the last week, using the same strategy, I climbed silver 4 to gold 5 without many problems. I will post my video guide on what works FOR ME, in hopes that it helps you out even a little bit. It's all about the attitude dude. Good luck!
