It's just fine. Chances are that toxic asshat had been slapped with a queue delay for being an asshat somewhere else, so he was burning through them in the easiest way possible.
Welcome to the game, sorry for the dregs. I've been around since the start of Season 2 (we're almost into 6 now), and I barely touched Normals until I reached 1000 Intermediate Bots games. Once I did however, I found I was well above what others expected a "fresh-faced, first time PvPing noob" to be. I spent most of my game time up to that point focusing on my teammates' plays, especially on champs I didn't know, along with a unhealthy love for LoL's Esports scene (I first learned about the game via the Season 1 World Championships).
My suggestion/advice?
Don't listen to the ragers. Report them after the match (the little red ! by their name in the post-game screen) and move on.
Watch some high-ranked and/or professional streamers on youtube or twitch (but not 'imaqtpie' and a few others, there's quite a few who just don't give a flying fudge most of the time). Bots is good for learning how to play a Champion or Role, but they don't teach you how to play against People. Only other People can teach you that. You've probably noticed it, but there's a box on the main game client where you can spectate high-ranked matches. I believe that is the single best thing Riot has done to help teach new players. Watch how they move, where they ward, how they set up for fights.
And never forget that it is Just A Game, =^.^=
