Language filter
I don't understand how it's justifiable to ban someone for using bad language. If you don't like what someone is saying there are plenty of tools available to fix the situation. While it may feel bad in the moment (to be on the receiving end of offensive language), how long does it last? For most people all it takes is to re-queue, but by the time you wake up the next morning you will have forgotten all about negative words from the night before. Given that those on the receiving end of language suffer in a negligible way, banning is exponentially over the top. That kind of retaliation has a lasting negative impact on the person who was banned. The words have been forgotten as quickly as they came, but all the time, effort and money invested into an account is completely gone. The punishment does not fit the "crime."
Solutions I have for the situation? People who frequently report others for "offensive language" should have a language filter forcibly turned on. If they dislike bad language, that is a fact that they know about themselves. "I don't like bad language", "I should not have to tolerate bad language" if that's a fact you know about yourself, you should have the language filter turned on. If you are not willing to do this yourself, but repeatedly report others for bad language, you're the kind of person who should have it on. All the tools are available in the game so that you don't have to be subjected to language you aren't comfortable with. It is not reasonable to take away from others, when they have not taken away from you. If you feel like they have "taken away" from you, by exposing you to offensive language, you are responsible because the default setting is "mature language filter on."
The situation stated above may make the "victims" feels worse. They know that their language filter is off but one day they log on to see that their language filter is back on, and cannot be turned off? This would be a clear indication that they have lost some control and could possible make them feel worse about a bad situation, (still not as bad as completely abolishing an account) so I'll provide a healthier solution.
Have a stealth chat nerf to those who repeat offend. Repeat offenders may have language filter turned off and can see the profanity they type, but everyone else in chat views it as a language filter on, only for the repeat offender. This will cause everyone in the match to instantly know that this person has a problem with offensive language. This would allow them to feel like their getting the most out of their trash talk, but little do they know, their message is not being received as intended.
Both of these suggestions are absolutely more healthy than the abuse of power banning system that is in place. 3
I find that the 50 game chat ban is also a step in the wrong direction. A good portion of offensive language is just for stress relief. The chat ban eliminates the possibility for productive communication with team members, in between bouts of "stress relief."
I do want to clarify that flaming/abusing teammates is always a problem. I see absolutely no problem with trash talking the other team, if getting into the opponents head is a tactic, I don't see why this should be prohibited. The above suggestions and tools already in the game make trash talking opponents a non issue. Trash talking your team is an entirely different monster. Though I think the solutions above address the issue adequately, it would still be nice to see the community pull back from flaming teammates. If a party member is doing poorly, and for some reason the words you use against them actually has a negative impact, the problem is going to get worse. If your team has you on ignore, any useful input you have will go unheard, also making the situation worse.
In closing: Exposure to negativity develops character and strength and is a net positive thing. It is possible to get to a point of intellectual and emotional maturity where words do not negatively effect you. It is healthy to develop this kind of resilience but it is an uncomfortable process and this is absolutely not the place to teach others these skills. My suggestions are tools to protect both sides more fairly because the current system is not healthy.
There are plenty of problems with online gaming. Toxic misuse of power is not an answer. Lets be more intelligent than our problems and engineer games and communities everyone can enjoy.