As someone who has, in the last 3 months in fact, pulled himself from bronze 5 to Silver 4 Promo, let me share with you what I see.
In low bronze is where you learn to be a leader, regardless of your role. Do well to start the game, and find that one other person that doesn't suck, and get them to start following you. Suddenly you have the whole team behind you and the enemies are still farming solo or splitting. FORCE coordination, not through strong words, but by being worth following. This is easier on a tank/bruiser (so top lane/jungle is the easiest to do this in).
High Bronze/Low Silver is actually, in my experience so far, the worst place. You start getting queued with Silver 5 players, who are unable to be dropped to bronze. If they got lucky and won out on their initial promo, it doesn't matter how bad they are, they are still silver. Making it through here is all about law of averages. If you take your leadership skills, and you take your best champ and you slam against the queue... if you have the skill you will eventually break out. I took me 4 different promo's to get out of bronze...
If you want to get better at this game, the biggest hint I can give you is to quit blaming everyone else. Sure, some games are bad, and some players are too, but if you take PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY for each and every death/loss, you will get better. Ask yourself "Why did I die? Did I need to die there? What could I <--- (not player xyz) do to keep it from happening again?" "Were they better than us, is that why we lost? No? Well then what could I <---- (not player xyz) have done differently?"
I main Jungle Sejuani, and it is EXCEPTIONALLY RARE that I come out of a game without having the most damage taken, 2nd or 3rd in damage done to enemy champs, and the fewest deaths on my team (typically either team, unless it was a total stomp). I always make sure my team has someone to follow up behind, and I make sure that I do the best job I can. When my game is off, I say "Hey guys.. i'm a little off for some reason, i'm gonna go farm for a bit and see if I can't get my mojo back"... you know what? Most people in a game will give you thumbs up for admitting you weren't perfect, and especially if you try to fix it.
The key to ELO hell, is to BE BETTER. IF you are a better player than your ranking, you WILL rise. You may drop 10 games in a row, but you will rise eventually.