- He's got ridiculous sustain that makes it almost impossible to get killed in lane.
- He can build 1 ap item (ROA) and burst down almost any non tank champ with q>w>r, or at least come close enough to take them out of the fight.
- He can be very beefy without building a single tank item.
- He has higher base MR than most champs AND MR per level
- He has higher movement speed than most champs (including blitzcrank)
None of these things are noteworthy.
Having crazy sustain in-lane is how most tanky champions get to feel tanky during the lanning phase. A passive that restores HP is increadibly common on tanks, and a wide range of fighters have HP sustain somewhere in their QWE range if it isn't on their passive.
So - not that impressive for rediculous sustain.
For 1 damage item and full tank - all fighter/tanks do that. All of them. Tanks actually have to build tanky to survive long enough to do their job, where assassins, mages, and marksman usually have the mobility, range, or mix of both innately to survive long enough to do their respective jobs. Glass-cannons get defense for free and have to build damage, tanky DPS like Cho get damage for free and have to build defense.
He can't be beefy without building a single tank item. ROA for his only defense still leaves Cho fairly squish. Seeing AS Cho do MADC things is amuzing, but even with plenty of stacks - he isn't exactly Riven's HP shield refresh durable, and he's got nothing on the untargetability spam of Yi, projectile shield-block of Yasou, immunity to AAs of Jax, or capacity to turn anyone invulnerable like Kayle.
The MR complaint is just dumb.
Melee champions get 32.1 + 1.25 MR per level.
Ranged champions get 30 MR.
Those are the only 2 MR per level scaling paths.
MS is also an awkward thing to complain about on Cho, as his 345 isn't exactly the 355 of Yi/Panth and MS only ranges from 325 to 355. Melee champions usually have MS in the higher levels there again. Furthermore - being fast is 99% abilities, 1% base MS. Champions like Lee and Ezreal are fast because their abilities make them fast, having minor MS boosts on Udyr and Ori don't make either particularly speedy.
And on abilities - all of Cho'Gath's have a casting time akin to DragonBallZ attacks that really tank Cho's agility and nimbleness, making a lack of speed a fairly large weakness of his.
Beyond that - Cho's AD per level is pretty high, but that means significantly more if you build a lot of Crit, AS, and armor pen. Or build Tri Force.
Neither of which Cho typically does, seeing as he's pretty solidly in the AP camp for scaling his DPS, and he needs to build a lot of tank to really function (so no hyper-damage builds).
For armor and HP/5, again - tanky bruiser thing. Tanky DPS champions tend to top the base stat charts here, just as marksman tend to top the charts when it comes to AS per level gains and supports mana through base stats.
Why is his silence so long?
Strength of CC vs. it's purpose. Weak CC types like slows, silences, and blinds can get away with higher durations than hard CC like knockups, stuns, polymorphs, charms, fears, taunts, etc. A 3 second silence is worth about a 1.5 second stun.
Why does his knock up have a slow? There are no others like that I believe
Most abilities in LoL do things no other ability does.
There aren't many copy-pasta skills in the game.
MF's AS boost applies Grievous Wounds, Graves' AS boost dashes him over walls, Jinx's AS boost is manaless and ramps up based on AAing things.
Even when you're coming really close to mirrored interactions there's usually a curve-ball with listing the 2 things an ability does that winds up making it unique.
I honestly beleive that Cho'Gath is the most unbalanced champion in the game.
You're not making a very good case.