Many champions are poorly designed, one reason or another. For example, Poppy is so ridiculously gated by her mana because if allowed to run remotely free, she will hyper carry the sh-t out of a game. Another example includes Gangplank, who if he actually had well rounded numbers, would come close to an unstoppable melee carry (yes, even worse than a fed Yasuo. That's food for thought). These champions are recognized by riot to have incredibly bad design built into them, and to avoid running into the problems these champion's failed designs give, they are nerved like hell until they are virtually unusable (or at least publicly unused). This is why a lot of champions and, coincidentally enough, a lot of the older and more poorly designed champions tend to be incredibly unpopular, at least that's my opinion. Bad design leads to bad balance, so Rito shoots their kneecaps until an eventual rework in the future.
As for Galio specifically, the biggest problem with Galio is how he's supposed to be able to position himself properly. In this metagame where mobility is prized and mobility restricting CC is key to control a battle, Galio has so many problems trying to actually get himself into an optimal place due to the fact that his main gap closer is a negligible one track speed boost. This is, unless you plan on using Flash->Ultimate for your initiation, but then you just burned flash.