Ranked Progression

I'm tilting tonight, but, I feel like I need to ask this question.

Why is it, that when I lose a ranked game, I lose 22+ LP, but when I win one... I get 13 LP?

Why can I be demoted a whole tier?

Why do I get some random guy bragging about how he's at 99 LP in champ select, and decides he wants to lose one because no matter what happened if he wins a game after, he will get the LP to go into his series? So then he decides to lock Urgot, and proceeds to feed 0/16/0 (his name is Malwarez).

Why am I being punished Rito?