Almost solely to resolve queue times because there would be a vastly underfunded number of supports otherwise.
Autofill demands you actually be good at the game, God forbid-- it takes us back to the era, waaay back when even I played ranked, where you'd get boo'd out of court for being a filthy one-trick. If you couldn't man-handle two roles equally effectively at the minimum, you ran a high risk of being obsoleted in a game.
You're complaining about having to learn. Honestly, if you 'haven't played many games' as anything, whether a champ or a role, you shouldn't be in ranked. Ranked is a competition, not a game. The rest of it is a game; they focus on the sport in the competitive queue. You're expected to be something of an adult, responsible for your own inability to adapt to a situation. That is a weakness, and frankly, you earned that loss for not being quicker on your feet and more ready to take what came. Ranked demands game sense and game knowledge to be on point. The more you can bring before you've even selected a champion... be it knowledge on champ kits, builds, what objectives your composition will take, what kind of jungler you'll be countering, literally anything and everything you can trap in your brain, will all increase your chances of winning a pitched fight.
If all you can do is pray for one role and hope you never get filled elsewhere, you should be in norms and not ranked. I may not play ranked, but I sure as hell wouldn't go in without being able to adapt to at least four of the five positions in the game, especially nowadays-- with players like you (no offense intended) pigeonholing your playability into fewer roles, the ability to adapt is probably very critically what decides a win or a loss. And while I don't care for that responsibility, and won't say I am that adaptable player, I can tell you for certain you are not and you have no place blaming anyone but yourself for your inability to play any champion or role. The game offers you tool after tool to practice-- in fact, barring item sets, the ability to practice has never been more proliferated. And with runes on the way out, maybe now's the time to practice the theory and play, and get into crunching the ranked experience when new runes are out.
TL;DR?
It's not anyone's fault but your own that you suck at any given champ or role. Account for, and learn from your mistakes instead of demanding Riot make up for your shortcomings.
Am I the only one who remembers the days where you needed to be able to swing more than one role? Am I imagining this?