Which team is better?
There's really to many factors involved to say.
Which is why we just toss the 2 winners at each-other to tell.
High KDA and overall win times can be just as much an indicator of being skilled as it is your opponent's being unskilled, as will any level vs. level, gold vs. gold, kills vs. kills comparisons.
Certain team compositions will also dramatically effect KDA, game time, and highest levels achieved.
Levels and gold themselves are more a metric of how long the game lasted over any measure of skill.
There's also chance involved in a single game - you could have an otherwise better team loose to a slightly less-skilled team from making 1 wrong call in regards to Fog of War when both just need to go with their gut.
Or taking 1 unusually cooperative Brand/Kat/Fiddle/Ryze bounce or crit-train from lady luck.
Anyways - none of the factors you listed really tell anything about future battles. a bronze vs. gold team could lead to a +20 kill bonus, +3 average max level bonus, a +11k global gold bonus, +4 structures destroyed bonus, and +100 team CS bonus over the winner of 2 challenger teams.
All the metrics you provided would indicate the gold team would be better than the challenger team in this scenario, but it's quite likely the gold team would get schooled pretty hard by the challenger team once that match started.
Overall I'd probably compare Elo - though that doesn't really work between regions, where you'd just need to study each team from a lot of replays before getting a solid grasp on their comparable skill levels.
The amount of wards each team places might give you a good idea outside of that though, that's one of the few metrics that does tend to grow along with Elo - along with wards killed.