I got the impression watching the game that Keith overestimated quite a bit just how much his team could actually do to keep him alive. While Lulu and Nidalee can give a lot of fake tankiness to someone and Morgana provides a decent bit of safety from CC-locking, that's not enough to keep the ADC alive if the ADC isn't also taking efforts to be safe and Keith wasn't trying to play safe, he was doing quite the opposite. "Protect the ADC" works most reliably if the ADC acts pretty much as normal - worry about your positioning and keeping yourself safe, so that any attempt to dive on you fails horribly and you can wreck everything with absolute safety. Keith however played it as if his team offered him so much safety that he himself didn't need to worry at all about keeping safe and could take as many risks as possible - that's why at times he was trading with the enemy team's BACKLINE as if the frontline had nothing to say about it.
Lucian put himself in position to get completely focused down by the enemy team (WHY would an ADC ever be in range of a Twisted Fate gold card unless TF flashes?) and at the end of the day even a Lulu and a Nidalee can't sustain an ADC through that much damage. Perhaps if he had a tanky build it'd have worked out but I'd really have liked to see a Maw, Sterak's or Death's Dance if he was gonna play that aggressively late.
I feel like Echofox might not have had much practice in protect the ADC comps because I just don't think Keith was very comfortable with it. Obviously he played it far too recklessly but also on the opposite end of the spectrum, he seemed positively terrified of being caught out and was very panicky at times. I remember him flashing away from a Twisted Fate Q at half health when there was no chance whatsoever of it killing him and Nidalee was there to heal him back up, and I swear he QSSd the smallest things too when he really should have saved such an important active for more powerful abilities that would come his way. They should either practice this comp more before taking it out again or just not use it.